Table 2 Superordinate, subordinate themes, and participants’ quotations

Types of Bullying

Verbal bullying

Q1: " My patient has experienced bullying, namely being looked down on by the parent’s job, usually the name of the parent, yes, that is based on the experience of my patient and my child” (P2)

Q2: " My patient once told me something like this “don’t approach her because her economic status is not high enough, don’t hang out with her, her parents are poor. The patient also said that there were many hate comments on social media that insulted physically " (P10)

Physical bullying

Q3: " Um, in my experience treating patients physically, the child moved schools 3 times, because he was uncomfortable due to being beaten by other teenagers " (P5)

Q4: " my patient has experienced physical bullying, namely my ears were tweaked, then my buttocks were spanked by my friends” (P10)

Influencing Factors

There is an increase in the skills and knowledge of nurses

Social Media As A Trigger

Q5: " The patient and my child told me that social media causes other youth to be free to bully through hate comments and teasing each other on social media " (P12)

Unfriendly Parents

Q6: " Teenagers complain that their mothers don’t want to listen to their complaints. So when he was in 6th grade he was taken to the hospital, but his mother didn’t listen to his complaints.” (P9)

Pattern Of Parenting

Q7: “Bully patients, on average, experience insecurity, those advantages, we train them so that they will feel happy too. But his parents also did not give comfort to their children” (P8)

Q8: " Parents also lack attention, do not provide support to their children. As a nurse, I am confused about how to educate his family so that his family can accept him and the knowledge of bullying” (P7)

Obstacle of Cyberbullying

Continuing Care

Lack of Communication

Q9: “So it’s difficult for me to talk to teenagers, because sometimes teenagers don’t open up during assessments. My child is also at home, so he doesn’t communicate with me” (P7)

Q10: “I have also experienced something similar, namely handling bullying victims but the patient doesn’t want to talk” (P10)

Difficult For the Perpetrator to Intervene

Q11: “Most of these patients are victims of cyberbullying, so actually to prevent bullying from occurring, we also need to intervene with the perpetrators. It’s just that we rarely find bullies who are brought in for therapy“(P5)

Mood Of Nurses

Q12: “Victims of bullying need more attention, right? Meanwhile, my mood as a nurse is not good, so I have to manage my mood so that I don’t transfer negative feelings to patients. This also makes it difficult for me to deal with patients who are victims of bullying” (P4)

Need Specific Of Competences

Q13: “Teenagers need supervision so that their adolescent development stages can be fulfilled. So that teenagers who are victims of bullying certainly need special interventions that focus on bullying problems and also the stages of adolescent development “(P5)

Special Approach For Children And Adolescents

Q14: “Yes, I agree, that teenage patients need a special approach to meet their developmental stages. Apart from that, we also need the latest communication and information skills to adapt to their generation” (P6)

Tools For Assessment

Q15: “Sometimes I find it difficult to conduct an assessment on victims of bullying, because there are so many impacts that there must be short assessment tools to find out the impact of bullying” (P1)

Managerial Aspect For Victims Of Cyberbullying

Q16: “Besides that, I think a special flow is needed to handle cyberbullying victims. The problem is I’m also confused about what the flow is like, if there is already a flow of handling it seems like it will make it easier for us and also victims of bullying” (P12)

Nursing Intervention

Give a Special Coping

Q17: “Adolescents who are victims of bullying need intervention to improve their coping with bullying. So these teenagers can be resilient to the effects of bullying and get out of their problems.” (P10)

Need to Increase Self-Esteem

Q18: “Many victims of bullying also experience insecurity, are embarrassed to speak and don’t want to look at me when they are chatting, so I always try to give positive affirmations to increase the victim’s self-confidence” (P2)

Attention for Victims and Perpetrator

Q19: “Because there are victims of bullying who don’t get attention from their parents, they usually need more attention from nurses, so they feel they are not alone in facing their problems” (P3)

Specific Experiment

Arises from The Mother’s Instinct

Q20: “I have to improve my mother’s instinct as a nurse and parent in paying attention to my child, is he being bullied or not?” (P11)