Table 1 Steps of the item impact method for face validity

1

The questionnaire administered to the target population in this study employed a five-point Likert scale (5 = very suitable, 4 = relatively suitable, 3 = unsuitable, 2 = very unsuitable).

2

Based on the Likert scale mentioned above, a score was assigned by ten nurses to each item in the questionnaire. The “item impact score” was calculated separately for each item using the following formula:

Item Impact Score = Frequency (%) x Suitability (Importance)

According to the above formula, Frequency refers to the percentage of individuals who rated the item as 4 or 5, and Suitability represents the average score assigned to that item.