Table 7 Comparison of respiratory support parameters, breastfeeding outcomes, and length of stay
Outcome measure | KMC group (n = 120) | Standard care group (n = 120) | Mean difference or RR (95% CI) | Effect size | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Respiratory support | |||||
- Days on CPAP², Mean (SD) | 3.2 (1.4) [1]³ | 5.4 (1.8) [2] | −2.2 (−2.6, − 1.8)** | 1.36 | <0.001 |
- Maximum FiO₂ required (%) | 28.4 (5.2) [1] | 34.6 (6.1) [1] | −6.2 (−7.7, − 4.7)** | 1.09 | <0.001 |
- Duration of O₂ support (days) | 4.8 (2.1) [2] | 7.2 (2.4) [1] | −2.4 (−3.0, − 1.8)** | 1.07 | <0.001 |
Breastfeeding outcomes⁴ | |||||
- Initiation within 24 h, n (%) | 98 (81.7) [1] | 72 (60.0) [2] | 1.36 (1.15–1.61)** | 4.6 (3.2–8.4) | <0.001 |
- Exclusive at discharge, n (%) | 89 (74.2) [2] | 58 (48.3) [1] | 1.53 (1.24–1.89)** | 3.9 (2.8–6.7) | <0.001 |
- Continuation at 1 month, n (%) | 82 (68.3) [1] | 51 (42.5) [2] | 1.61 (1.27–2.04)** | 3.9 (2.7–7.1) | <0.001 |
Hospital course | |||||
- Length of stay (days), mean (SD) | 18.4 (5.2) [1] | 24.6 (6.1) [2] | −6.2 (−7.6, − 4.8)** | 1.09 | <0.001 |
- Early discharge⁶, n (%) | 72 (60.0) [1] | 45 (37.5) [1] | 1.60 (1.22–2.10)** | 4.4 | <0.001 |
- Readmission rate, n (%) | 4 (3.3) [0] | 11 (9.2) [1] | 0.36 (0.12–1.10) | N/A | 0.064 |
Time to milestone achievement (days) | |||||
- Full oral feeds | 12.3 (3.2) [1] | 16.8 (3.8) [2] | −4.5 (−5.4, − 3.6)** | 1.28 | <0.001 |
- Temperature stability | 4.2 (1.4) [1] | 6.8 (1.8) [1] | −2.6 (−3.0, − 2.2)** | 1.62 | <0.001 |
- Weight Gain > 15 g/kg/day | 5.8 (1.6) [2] | 8.4 (2.1) [1] | −2.6 (−3.1, − 2.1)** | 1.39 | <0.001 |