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Table 2 The mean scores of toxic leadership scale (n = 691)

From: Examining the relationship between nursing staff demographics, work characteristics, and toxic leadership in Saudi Arabia: a cross-section approach

Toxic leadership scale

Total score

Mean percent score

Mean

±SD

Mean

±SD

Self-Promotion

16.88

5.83

59.39

29.17

Abusive Supervision

22.81

7.83

56.46

27.98

Unpredictability

23.64

7.85

59.42

28.04

Narcissism

19.34

5.08

71.68

25.40

Authoritarian Leadership

20.55

6.28

60.61

26.15

Total mean score of TLS

103.21

30.09

61.51

24.89

  1. M: Mean; SD: Standard Deviation
  2. TLS: Toxic Leadership Scale
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BMC Nursing

ISSN: 1472-6955

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