Table 2 Sleep experiences of nurses working the night shift in a hospital

Difficulty sleeping due to night shifts

1. Changed sleep patterns result in poor sleep quality

No amount of sleep is enough.

Sleep patterns don’t align with work patterns.

Sleep is more challenging for those with job seniority.

2. Difficulty sleeping due to interruptions

Psychological work pressures disrupt sleep.

Thoughts about work disrupts sleep.

Mindless, repetitive habits disrupt sleep.

Surroundings disrupt sleep.

Distress due to difficulty sleeping

1. Skepticism regarding irregular work routines

Lack of personal time.

Deteriorating health

Feeling apologetic to loved ones

2. Concerns regarding job security

Work disruptions

Considering a new job or career.

Strategies to improve sleep quality

1. Engaging in behaviors and creating environments to promote sleep

Controlling food intake before sleep.

Exercising to stay healthy.

Eliminating sleep distractions.

Personalizing sleeping space.

2. Balancing sleep and activity time

Finding a sleep routine amidst work or shift changes.

Struggling to get enough sleep

3. Embracing irregular sleep patterns

Letting go of sleep compulsions and pressures.

Adjusting to poor sleep quality.

Embracing shift work.

4. Asking others for help

Being taken care of by family.

Understanding among fellow nurses.

Desire for organizational change

1. Desire for a better work environment

Supporting staff’s sleep needs.

Allowing for breaks during the night shifts.

Getting enough rest after a night shift.

2. Desire for a more varied work system

Having a work schedule that reflects your personal preferences.

Expanding dedicated night shift programs.

Introducing flexible work arrangements.