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Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characterization of the studied sample (n = 454) and Chi-square test results

From: Development and validation of a comfort-measuring scale for elderly individuals with chronic conditions

Variables

 

n (%)

χ2

Gender

Male

124 (27.3%)

435.395; p = 0.136

Female

330 (72.7%)

Marital status

Single

34 (7.5%)

1730.562; p = 0,024

Married

180 (39.6%)

De facto union

2 (0.4%)

Divorced/separated

34 (7.5%)

Widower/widow

204 (44.9%)

Educational/academic background

No schooling (unable to read/write)

32 (7.0%)

3030.429;p = 0,004

Primary education – 1st cycle (4th grade)

180 (39.7%)

Primary education – 2nd cycle (6th grade)

48 (10.6%)

Primary education – 3rd cycle (9th grade)

35 (7.7%)

Secondary education (12th grade)

73 (16.1%)

Higher education

86 (18.9%)

Residence/place of permanence

Living at home

178 (39.2%)

867.325; p = 0,072

Institutionalized (residential care facilities)

220 (48.5%)

Hospitalized

56 (12.3%)

History of chronic illness

Cardiovascular disease

102 (22.5%)

3587.918; p = 0,712

Metabolic disease

46 (10.1%)

Respiratory disease

39 (8.6%)

Kidney disease

20 (4.4%)

Cerebrovascular disease

42 (9.3%)

Neurological disease

40 (8.8%)

Liver disease

2 (0.4%)

Neoplastic disease

15 (3.3%)

Osteoarticular disease

26 (5.7%)

More than one chronic disease

122 (26.9%)