Table 1 Data extraction with the included sources
Author/s, year of publication & country | Research methodology | Population | Interprofessional intervention | Impact on managing pph |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Brazil et al. (2022) [3], Australia | Mixed Method research (collaborative action research approach) | Junior and senior midwives, junior and senior obstetricians, and anaesthetic doctors | Three types of collaborative interventions were implemented. These were relational interventions aimed to enhance team relationships; process interventions focused on redesigning the work process to achieve positive outcomes; and structural interventions targeted teamwork training, shared accountability and shared information systems | The IPC model gave productive teamwork and conflict management techniques a deeper meaning. Major PPH cases decreased significantly in the labour ward |
Greer et al. (2023) [15], USA | Prospective, multisite, cohort study | Obstetrics and gynaecology attending physicians and residents, anaesthesia attending physicians and residents, certified and student nurse anaesthetists, paediatric attending physicians and residents, family practice attending physicians and residents, certified nurse midwives, obstetric and neonatal nurses, Navy hospital corpsmen (who function as medical assistants), blood bank personnel, and operating room personnel | Team training on PPH treatment and maternal and neonatal resuscitation | The multidisciplinary team improved in teamwork and PPH protocol adherence after the OB-STaT program |
Wiesehan et a. (2023) [19], USA | Evaluative study (Economic analysis) | Patients’ costs records and Nurses in managerial positions who implemented or maintained the PPH–SMM reduction initiative | Training on the implementation of the PPH toolkit to prevent SMM | Implementing the PPH–SMM reduction initiative reduced the possibility of complications from PPH and reduced emergency hysterectomy |
Brogaard et al. (2019) [12], Denmark | Observational study (Video review) | Obstetric teams (Obstetricians and Midwives) managing real-life postpartum haemorrhage | This was a purely observational study without any intervention, but the authors recommended IPC training on non-technical skills | No results (No IPC model was implemented after the study), but the study recommends continuous IPC and evaluation of teams to prevent PPH |
Lutgendorf et al. (2024) [20], USA | Multi-site before-and-after study | Electronic medical records of patients who delivered between February 2018 and November 2019 | Interprofessional obstetric teamwork training | Training did not have a significant effect on the decrease of PPH, but there were lower rates of massive transfusions and the transfer time for PPH was shortened. Management of PPH improved after training |
Nelissen et al. (2017) [21] | Prospective educational intervention study | Clinicians, nurse-midwives, medical attendants (nurse aides without formal medical education) and ambulance drivers (without formal education) | Obstetric simulation-based training in the management of PPH | Following the training programme, there was a significant reduction in the incidence of PPH |
Lutgendorf et al. (2017) [22], USA | Quality improvement project | Obstetric providers: obstetric staff/residents’ midwives, labour and delivery nurses, corpsmen and the remainder were anaesthesia providers | High fidelity, multidisciplinary in situ simulation training on the management of PPH | The collaborative training sessions assisted participants in improving teamwork when managing PPH. Communication and documentation also improved |
Dillon et al. (2021) [16], USA | Prospective observational study | Nursing, obstetrical, and anaesthesia providers | PPH simulation training program | Post-partum haemorrhage improved following the implementation of a multidisciplinary simulation program |
Egenberg et al. (2017) [13], Tanzania | Quasi-experimental, pre-vs. post-interventional study | Nurses, midwives, doctors, and medical attendants | Maternity staff simulated training on PPH | Improved teamwork during emergencies and communication resulted in a higher quality of maternal care. There was a significant reduction in the whole blood transfusion rate after training |
Egenberg et al. (2017) [23], Tanzania | Descriptive and exploratory design | Nurse midwives, doctors, and medical attendants | Multi-professional simulation training on PPH | The multi-professional training resulted in improved management of clinical PPH |
Bittle et al. (2018) [24], USA | Online didactic modules in combination with an interdisciplinary skills program | Registered nurses, obstetric and family medicine attending physicians and residents, advanced practice nurses, and ancillary staff | Multidisciplinary online theory and skill training program on the management of PPH | The program was effective in improving interdisciplinary team responses to PPH |
Bell (2017) [25], USA | Retrospective chart review | Obstetric nursing leaders; obstetric physician leaders; staff from the blood bank, pharmacy, and simulation centre; and women who gave birth at these facilities | Multidisciplinary training on the implementation of PPH protocols and simulation training on the recognition and management of PPH | Multidisciplinary teams with nursing and physician champions were established, and obstetric haemorrhage and massive transfusion protocols were formed. Decrease in the number of women who had unplanned peripartum hysterectomies because of PPH |