Table 1 Demographic characteristics of participating nurses

HAPI prevalence [CI]

6.7%

[3.2–

10.2]

8.7%

1.7%

9.0%

12.3%

2.8%

5.0%

7.6%

0.001^¶

Number of participants

605

(100.0)

146

(24.1)

119

(19.7)

107

(17.7)

80

(13.2)

74

(12.2)

59

(9.8)

20

(3.3)

Sex

< 0.001*

 Male

179

(29.6)

56

(38.4)

16

(13.4)

36

(33.6)

25

(31.3)

17

(23.0)

19

(32.2)

10

(50.0)

 Female

426

(70.4)

90

(61.6)

103

(86.6)

71

(66.4)

55

(68.8)

57

(77.0)

40

(67.8)

10

(50.0)

Age distribution in years (n = 599, % = 99.0)

< 0.001^†

 20–29

61

(10.2)

12

(8.3)

9

(7.7)

13

(12.1)

5

(6.3)

9

(12.3)

10

(17.5)

3

(15.0)

 30–39

333

(55.6)

94

(64.8)

42

(35.9)

58

(54.2)

55

(68.8)

37

(50.7)

33

(57.9)

14

(70.0)

 40–49

166

(27.7)

33

(22.8)

49

(41.9)

29

(27.1)

18

(22.5)

20

(27.4)

14

(24.6)

3

(15.0)

 50–59

34

(5.7)

6

(4.1)

14

(12.0)

6

(5.6)

1

(1.3)

7

(9.6)

0

(0.0)

0

(0.0)

 60–69

5

(0.8)

0

(0.0)

3

(2.6)

1

(0.9)

1

(1.3)

0

(0.0)

0

(0.0)

0

(0.0)

 Median [IQR]

37.0

[33.0–

41.0]

37.0

[34.0–

40.0]

40.0

[36.0–

46.0]

36.0

[32.0–

41.0]

35.0

[32.0–

39.8]

37.0

[33.5–

40.5]

35.0

[31.0–

39.5]

35.5

[34.3–

38.0]

< 0.001*

Experience in years

< 0.001*

 0–2

15

(2.5)

1

(0.7)

4

(3.4)

3

(2.8)

2

(2.5)

0

(0.0)

3

(5.1)

2

(10.0)

 3–5

56

(9.3)

10

(6.8)

4

(3.4)

15

(14.0)

6

(7.5)

10

(13.5)

10

(16.9)

1

(5.0)

 6–10

126

(20.8)

31

(21.2)

18

(15.1)

25

(23.4)

18

(22.5)

13

(17.6)

17

(28.8)

4

(20.0)

 11–15

211

(34.9)

68

(46.6)

29

(24.4)

29

(27.1)

29

(36.3)

26

(35.1)

17

(28.8)

13

(65.0)

 >15

197

(32.6)

36

(24.7)

64

(53.8)

35

(32.7)

25

(31.3)

25

(33.8)

12

(20.3)

0

(0.0)

 Median [IQR]

13.0

[10.0–

18.0]

13.0

[10.0–

15.3]

17.0

[12.0–

22.0]

12.0

[7.0–

19.0]

12.0

[10.0–

17.0]

13.0

[9.8–

18.0]

10.0

[6.0–

14.0]

12.0

[10.0–

13.0]

< 0.001^†

Highest education level

< 0.001*

 Diploma in Nursing

200

(33.1)

44

(30.1)

63

(52.9)

28

(26.2)

34

(42.5)

18

(24.3)

9

(15.3)

4

(20.0)

 Bachelor of Nursing

360

(59.5)

96

(65.8)

51

(42.9)

68

(63.6)

43

(53.8)

47

(63.5)

43

(72.9)

12

(60.0)

 Post graduate diploma

33

(5.5)

5

(3.4)

5

(4.2)

11

(10.3)

3

(3.8)

6

(8.1)

1

(1.7)

2

(10.0)

 Master of Nursing

12

(2.0)

1

(0.7)

0

(0.0)

0

(0.0)

0

(0.0)

3

(4.1)

6

(10.2)

2

(10.0)

Ever received formal training on PI prevention

< 0.001*

 No

293

(48.4)

80

(54.8)

43

(36.1)

54

(50.5)

20

(25.0)

52

(70.3)

33

(55.9)

11

(55.0)

 Yes

312

(51.6)

66

(45.2)

76

(63.9)

53

(49.5)

60

(75.0)

22

(29.7)

26

(44.1)

9

(45.0)

Location of last training (n = 312, % = 51.6)

0.058*

 Inside Kuwait

218

(69.9)

46

(69.7)

60

(78.9)

34

(64.2)

45

(75.0)

14

(63.6)

12

(46.2)

7

(77.8)

 Outside Kuwait

94

(30.1)

20

(30.3)

16

(21.1)

19

(35.8)

15

(25.0)

8

(36.4)

14

(53.8)

2

(22.2)

Years since last training (n = 310, % = 51.2)

0.002*

 ≤3

146

(47.1)

23

(34.8)

38

(50.0)

20

(37.7)

40

(69.0)

7

(31.8)

12

(46.2)

6

(66.7)

 >3

164

(52.9)

43

(65.2)

38

(50.0)

33

(62.3)

18

(31.0)

15

(68.2)

14

(53.8)

3

(33.3)

 Median [IQR]

4.0

[2.0–

8.0]

5.5

[2.0–

10.3]

3.5

[2.0–

8.0]

2.0

[5.0–

7.0]

1.0

[1.0–

5.0]

6.5

[3.0–

10.0]

4.0

[2.8–

7.3]

3.0

[1.0–

6.5]

< 0.001^†