Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Original articles

Papers that were narrative reviews, scoping reviews, systematic reviews, commentaries, dissertations, conference proceedings, editorial and book chapters

Papers published in the English language

Papers published in languages other than English

Papers focusing on integration and associated challenges of Mental Health Competencies in undergraduate Nursing Education

Papers focusing on other aspects of nursing education e.g. graduate or postgraduate programs, because they do not align with the scoping review’s objectives.

Full-text papers published between 2013–2023 and in accordance with the search keywords.

Papers published before 2013