Table 1 The semi-structured interview outline and questions

Topic 1 Experiences and challenges of nurses’ working on the frontline during the pandemic

①

Can you share your primary experiences and overall feelings about working on the frontline during the pandemic response?

②

While working in isolation wards, what physiological or psychological difficulties and challenges have you faced? Please describe these experiences in detail.

Topic 2 Nurses’ training experiences and future training needs

①

What types of training have you received before working in isolation wards? How have these trainings impacted your actual work?

②

What do you think are the strengths and weaknesses of the existing training programs? Regarding future training measures, what suggestions do you have to better support frontline nurses? Please provide specific details.