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Table 4 Mean responses to TPB items and construct scores per behaviour (Pre-implementation n = 88; Post-implementation n = 69)

From: Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviour intentions for three bowel management practices in intensive care: effects of a targeted protocol implementation for nursing and medical staff

TPB constructs

TPB items

Assessment of bowel function

Performing a PR exam

Administration of enema

  

Mean(SD)

p-values

Mean(SD)

p-values

Mean(SD)

p-values

  

Pre

Post

 

Pre

Post

 

Pre

Post

 

Past behaviour

Thinking about the last ten ICU patients you have cared for, for how many of them did you perform+

[n = 85] 5.38(3.38)

[n = 63] 7.11(3.22)

0.002

[n = 88] 1.81(2.51)

[n = 64] 2.45(2.98)

0.161

[n = 84] 2.32(3.37)

[n = 58] 2.84(3.72)

0.394

Behaviour Intention#

I intend to perform

[n = 88] 5.02(1.86)

[n = 66] 5.45(1.61)

0.125

[n = 86] 4.70(1.86)

[n = 65] 4.75(1.76)

0.850

[n = 88] 5.17(1.56)

[n = 66] 5.64(1.29)

0.044

 

I will perform

[n = 88] 5.02(1.83)

[n = 67] 5.25(1.49)

0.388

[n = 85] 5.29(1.75)

[n = 66] 5.26(1.58)

0.893

[n = 87] 5.32(1.5)

[n = 66] 5.65(1.22)

0.136

 

I plan to perform

[n = 88] 4.97(1.79)

[n = 65] 5.46(1.48)

0.063

[n = 86] 5.05(1.68)

[n = 66] 5.12(1.67)

0.785

[n = 85] 5.09(1.62)

[n = 65] 5.65(1.27)

0.021

Behaviour Intention (3 item scale)

[n = 88] 5.0(1.63)

[n = 64] 5.41(1.40)

0.101

[n = 85] 5.02(1.65)

[n = 65] 5.03(1.59)

0.970

[n = 85] 5.22(1.43)

[n = 65] 5.65(1.17)

0.048

Attitude#

In my opinion, performing X is good practice/bad practice

[n = 87] 6.15(1.30)

[n = 68] 6.09(1.27)

0.768

[n = 83] 5.69(1.34)

[n = 65] 5.55(1.38)

0.557

[n = 84] 5.77(1.29)

[n = 65] 5.78(1.27)

0.959

 

In my opinion, performing X is helpful/unhelpful

[n = 81] 5.86(1.47)

[n = 66] 5.83(1.38)

0.896

[n = 79] 5.62(1.34)

[n = 64] 5.52(1.32)

0.641

[n = 80] 5.75(1.29)

[n = 62] 5.71(1.27)

0.852

 

In my opinion, performing X is necessary/unnecessary

[n = 82] 5.45(1.78)

[n = 66] 5.62(1.44)

0.522

[n = 83] 5.39(1.61)

[n = 64] 5.22(1.47)

0.515

[n = 81] 5.51(1.42)

[n = 62] 5.69(1.33)

0.417

 

In my opinion, performing X is satisfying/unsatisfying

[n = 78] 4.22(1.87)

[n = 65] 4.02(1.88)

0.522

[n = 79] 3.38(1.99)

[n = 64] 3.55(2.01)

0.620

[n = 79] 4.54(1.92)

[n = 62] 4.05(2.16)

0.158

Attitude (4 item scale)

[n = 77] 5.44(1.32)

[n = 65] 5.37(1.28)

0.763

[n = 79] 5.02(1.23)

[n = 63] 4.97(1.3)

0.798

[n = 79] 5.36(1.24)

[n = 62] 5.29(1.26)

0.755

Subjective norms#

I feel under social pressure, from my professional colleagues, to perform

[n = 85] 2.39(1.63)

[n = 68] 3.01(1.75)

0.025

[n = 87] 2.67(1.7)

[n = 66] 3.47(1.76)

0.005

[n = 87] 3.31(1.94)

[n = 66] 3.82(1.95)

0.112

 

People who are important to me professionally, think that I should perform

[n = 88] 4.32(1.85)

[n = 66] 4.58(1.69)

0.371

[n = 86] 4.44(1.75)

[n = 66] 4.45(1.61)

0.963

[n = 86] 4.43(1.64)

[n = 66] 4.59(1.70)

0.559

 

My professional colleagues, whose opinion I respect, think that I should perform

[n = 87] 4.32(1.83)

[n = 66] 4.91(1.62)

0.038

[n = 87] 4.51(1.72)

[n = 66] 4.45(1.66)

0.852

[n = 85] 4.68(1.59)

[n = 65] 4.97(1.50)

0.260

Subjective Norms (3 item scale)

[n = 85] 3.62(1.42)

[n = 66] 4.18(1.36)

0.016

[n = 86] 3.87(1.41)

[n = 66] 4.13(1.37)

0.258

[n = 84] 4.15(1.44)

[n = 65] 4.48(1.46)

0.175

Perceived behavioural control - controllability#

I have complete control over performing

[n = 86] 5.38(1.59)

[n = 67] 5.36(1.67)

0.924

[n = 87] 5.15(1.87)

[n = 66] 5.47(1.47)

0.238

[n = 88] 5.26(1.62)

[n = 66] 5.83(1.21)

0.013

There are factors outside of my control that would prevent me from performing

[n = 88] 3.57(1.84)

[n = 67] 3.64(2.02)

0.816

[n = 85] 3.80(1.93)

[n = 65] 3.57(1.83)

0.455

[n = 85] 3.87(1.86)

[n = 65] 4.05(2.07)

0.591

Perceived behavioural control: controllability (2 item scale)

[n = 86] 4.49(1.35)

[n = 67] 4.5(1.36)

0.979

[n = 85] 4.46(1.44)

[n = 65] 4.51(1.32)

0.829

[n = 85] 4.57(1.33)

[n = 65] 4.93(1.29)

0.091

Perceived behavioural control – self efficacy#

I am confident in knowing when an intensive care patient requires

[n = 88] 5.84(1.18)

[n = 67] 5.91(1.11)

0.708

[n = 87] 5.77(1.38)

[n = 66] 5.79(1.20)

0.932

[n = 86] 5.31(1.61)

[n = 65] 5.86(1.18)

0.017

In my opinion, performing X is very easy/very difficult

[n = 80] 5.31(1.67)

[n = 65] 5.05(1.58)

0.326

[n = 80] 5.20(1.59)

[n = 64] 4.83(1.58)

0.163

[n = 81] 5.58(1.4)

[n = 62] 5.48(1.40)

0.683

Perceived behavioural control: self-efficacy (2 item scale)

[n = 80] 5.54(1.1)

[n = 64] 5.44(1.18)

0.603

[n = 80] 5.46(1.26)

[n = 64] 5.29(1.22)

0.421

[n = 80] 5.42(1.34)

[n = 62] 5.67(1.18)

0.238

Perceived behavioural control (4 item scale)

[n = 80] 5.0(0.92)

[n = 64] 4.91(0.99)

0.578

[n = 80] 4.94(1.05)

[n = 64] 4.88(1.06)

0.758

[n = 79] 4.98(1.08)

[n = 62] 5.26(0.97)

0.102

Perceived behavioural control (3 item scale) #

[n = 80] 5.34(1.25)

[n = 64] 5.33(1.17)

0.967

[n = 80] 5.35(1.25)

[n = 62] 5.71(1.06)

0.067

  1. Relevant denominator shown [n = x]; +Based on a possible range of 0–10 indicating the number of patients for which the behaviour has been performed in the past (self-reported measure); #Based on a possible range of 1–7 with higher scores indicating a more positive response; # if delete ‘factors outside my control’ item.
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BMC Nursing

ISSN: 1472-6955

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